The Ultimate Guide to the German Wirehaired Pointer

Brief Introduction

The German Wirehaired Pointer (GWP) is a remarkable breed, instantly recognizable by its distinctive wiry coat and intelligent, expressive eyes. This all-purpose gun dog is more than just a pretty face; it’s intelligent, energetic, and fiercely loyal, making it a wonderful companion for the right owner. Originally bred for European hunting traditions, the GWP excels both in the field and as a family pet. Their rugged appearance belies their affectionate nature. What makes them truly attractive is their ability to blend a strong work ethic with a loving and playful personality within the family home.

Breed History

The German Wirehaired Pointer’s history is deeply rooted in the evolution of hunting practices in 19th-century Germany. Breeders sought to create a versatile dog capable of pointing, tracking, and retrieving game on land and in water.

Origins and Development

The GWP emerged in the late 19th century in Germany, a direct result of crossing several breeds, including:

• The German Shorthaired Pointer
• The Pudelpointer (a cross between a Poodle and a Pointer)
• The Stichelhaar
• Possibly, the Polish Water Dog and Bloodhound were added for scenting and working ability.

The goal was to develop a hardy, weatherproof dog that could handle a variety of terrains and game for all kinds of hunting. This culminated into the multi-talented German Wirehaired Pointer.

Role in the Past

In the past, the German Wirehaired Pointer played a vital role in hunting parties:

• Pointing: Locating and indicating the presence of game.
• Retrieving: Bringing back downed birds and other small game, both on land and from water.
• Tracking: Following wounded game over long distances.
• Vermine Control: Helping to control vermine on farms and homesteads.

Their tenacity, intelligence, and eagerness to please made them indispensable to hunters.

Appearance

The GWP boasts a distinctive appearance that reflects its rugged, working heritage.

Height and Weight

• Height: Males typically stand 24-26 inches tall at the shoulder, while females are slightly smaller, ranging from 22-24 inches.
• Weight: The average weight for males is 60-70 pounds, and females usually weigh between 50-60 pounds.

Coat

The hallmark of the GWP is its medium-length, wiry coat. It’s weather-resistant and provides protection from the elements. The coat should be dense, harsh to the touch, and lie close to the body. Key characteristics:

• Wirehaired Texture: Protects against brush and water.
• Beard and Eyebrows: These give the GWP a distinctive and somewhat comical expression.
• Colors: Typically liver and white, liver roan, or liver ticked. Black isn’t the standard but does occur.

Ears

The ears are medium-sized, set high on the head, and hang down close to the cheeks. They should be rounded at the tips.

Eyes

The eyes are medium-sized, oval-shaped, and brown. Their expression is intelligent, keen, and alert. A GWP’s eyes tell a story about its mind and its vigilance in the field.

Tail

Traditionally, the tail was docked, but in many countries, docking is now banned. If undocked, the tail should be carried horizontally or slightly upward, never curled over the back.

Other Characteristic Features

• A strong, muscular build.
• A deep chest providing ample lung capacity for demanding work.
• Webbed feet for proficient swimming.

Character and Behavior

Understanding the German Wirehaired Pointer’s character and behavior is essential for deciding if this breed is the right fit.

Attitude Towards People

GWPs are generally affectionate and loyal to their families. They can be reserved with strangers at first, but they are not typically aggressive. Early socialization is crucial to ensure they are comfortable around new people and situations.

Attitude Towards Children

They can be excellent family dogs, displaying a playful and patient attitude towards children. However, like all dogs, they should be supervised around young children. Children should be taught how to interact with the dog respectfully.

Attitude Towards Animals

The German Wirehaired Pointer has a strong prey drive, stemming from its hunting background. It may not be suitable for homes with small pets such as cats, rabbits, or rodents, unless raised together from a young age. With proper socialization, they can often coexist peacefully with other dogs, especially if they are introduced to them early.

Activity Level

This breed is HIGH energy! GWPs were bred to work all day, and they require significant daily exercise.

• Long walks or runs.
• Hiking.
• Swimming.
• Retrieving games.
• Dog sports such as agility, obedience, and field trials.

Without adequate exercise, they are prone to boredom which may lead to destructive behaviors.

Trainability

GWPs are intelligent and eager to please, which makes them highly trainable. However, they can also be independent and stubborn at times. Consistent, positive reinforcement training methods work best. Early socialization and obedience training are essential to establish good manners and prevent behavioral problems.

Breed Characteristics

• Loyalty: Extremely devoted to their families.
• Intelligence: Quick learners.
• Energy: High energy levels require significant exercise.
• Prey Drive: Strong instinct to chase small animals.
• Versatility: Excels in various activities, from hunting to dog sports.

Care and Maintenance

Proper care and maintenance are vital for the health and well-being of your German Wirehaired Pointer.

Care Features

• Coat Care: The wiry coat requires regular brushing (2-3 times per week) to remove loose hair and prevent matting. Hand-stripping the coat a few times a year is recommended to maintain its texture and appearance.
• Ear Cleaning: Check and clean the ears regularly to prevent infections.
• Nail Trimming: Trim the nails regularly to prevent overgrowth and discomfort.
• Dental Hygiene: Brush the teeth regularly to maintain good oral health.

Exercise Needs

As mentioned earlier, the GWP needs a lot of exercise.

• Aim for at least 1-2 hours of vigorous exercise daily.
• Provide plenty of opportunities for running, playing, and exploring.
• Engage in activities that stimulate their minds, such as training sessions and puzzle toys.

Feeding

Feed your GWP a high-quality dog food that is appropriate for their age, size, and activity level. Consult with your veterinarian to determine the optimal diet and portion sizes. Avoid overfeeding, as obesity can lead to various health problems. Typically, an active adult GWP will need between 3 to 4 cups of dry food a day.

Grooming (Haircut and Combing)

The German Wirehaired Pointer does not require professional haircuts. However, regular brushing and hand-stripping are necessary to maintain the coat’s texture and appearance. Hand-stripping involves plucking out dead hairs to encourage new growth and prevent the coat from becoming too soft. Combing is essential for removing loose hair and preventing mats.

Health

The GWP is generally a healthy breed, but it is prone to certain health conditions, including:

• Hip dysplasia: A malformation of the hip joint.
• Elbow dysplasia: A malformation of the elbow joint.
• Von Willebrand’s disease: A bleeding disorder.
• Hypothyroidism: A condition in which the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormone.
• Eye problems: Such as progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) and cataracts.
• Bloat (Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus): A life-threatening condition in which the stomach twists and fills with gas.

Possible Problems

• Separation anxiety: GWPs can become anxious if left alone for extended periods.
• Destructive behaviors: Can result from boredom or lack of exercise.
• Strong prey drive: Requires careful management around small animals.

Breed Weaknesses

Level of Aggression

GWPs are not typically aggressive, but they can be territorial and protective of their families. Early socialization and training can help to prevent unwanted aggression.

Loyalty

German Wirehaired Pointers are extremely loyal and devoted to their families. This deep bond can sometimes lead to separation anxiety if they are left alone for extended periods.

Specific Weaknesses

• Need for extensive exercise: Not suitable for sedentary individuals or families.
• Strong prey drive: May require careful management around small pets.
• Potential for separation anxiety: Requires early training and management.

Conclusion

The German Wirehaired Pointer is an exceptional breed for active individuals or families who can provide plenty of exercise, mental stimulation, and affection. This intelligent and versatile dog can excel in various activities, from hunting and dog sports to being a loving companion. However, it’s essential to remember that this breed requires a significant commitment in terms of training, exercise, and socialization. If you’re prepared to meet their needs, the German Wirehaired Pointer can be a truly rewarding addition to your life. If you are an active individual or family who enjoys the outdoors and wants a loyal, intelligent, and energetic companion, the GWP might be the perfect fit for you.